Ecosystem - NCERT Based MCQ Questions for NEET

This article contains NCERT based 45 MCQ questions test on Biology chapter "Ecosystem". These questions are highly valuable for the NEET exam. You can attempt these questions in the form of an interactive quiz and calculate your score. Read the below quiz rules carefully before you start

General Instructions

• Quiz contains 45 questions of 4 marks each.
• Correct answer (✔) will award you +4 marks and Incorrect answer (✘) will give you -1 mark.
• Total test is of 180 marks.
• Tap on box in order to select any option that you think is correct.
• Press the Submit button given in the end of quiz to calculate your score.
• There is a PDF file attached in the end of quiz. You can see detailed solutions to all questions and do self analysis from that file as well. 

Question 1. Plant species having a wide range of genetical distribution evolve into a local population known as

(1) ecotype 

(2) biome

(3) ecosystem 

(4) population

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Question 2. The overlapping zone in between two ecosystems is known as

(1) ecozone 

(2) biotope

(3) ecotone 

(4) buffer zone

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Question 3. Father of Ecology in India –

(1) Ramesh Misra 

(2) Ramavtar Misra

(3) Ramakant Misra 

(4) Ramdeo Misra

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Question 4. The study of the relation of an organism with its environment is called

(1) synecology 

(2) bionomics

(3) autecology 

(4) herpetology

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Question 5. Natural reservoir of phosphorus is :

(1) Fossils 

(2) Sea water

(3) Animal bones 

(4) Rock

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Question 6. What is the Greek word for ecology?

(1) Ethology 

(2) Oekologie

(3) Synecology 

(4) Hexicology

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Question 7. A man-made ecosystem is

(1) less in diversity

(2) more in diversity

(3) man does not make ecosystem

(4) more stable than natural ecosystem

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Question 8. Secondary productivity is rate of formation of new organic matter by :

(1) Decomposer 

(2) Producer

(3) Parasite 

(4) Consumer

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Question 9. Which one of the following is called as 'indicator species' for polluted waters?

(1) Tubifex 

(2) Phytoplanktons

(3) Zooplanktons 

(4) Prawns

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Question 10. The species, though insignificant in number, determine the existence of many other species in a given ecosystem. Such species is known as

(1) endemic species 

(2) sacred species

(3) extinct species 

(4) keystone species

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Question 11. Which one of the following processes during decomposition is correctly described ?

(1) Leaching – Water soluble inorganic nutrients rise to the top layers of soil.

(2) Fragmentation – Carried out by organisms such as earthworm.

(3) Humification – Leads to the accumulation of a dark colored substance humus which undergoes microbial action at a very fast rate.

(4) Catabolism – Last step in the decomposition under fully anaerobic condition

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Question 12. The term ecosystem was first coined by

(1) Odum 

(2) Reiter

(3) Tansley 

(4) both (2) and (3)

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Question 13. Stability of ecosystem depends upon

(1) primary productivity

(2) interchange between producers and consumers

(3) number of producers

(4) number of consumers

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Question 14. Identify the ecologist from the given hints.

(i) He carried out long-term ecosystem experiments using outdoor plots.

(ii) In his experiments he showed that "increased diversity contributed to higher productivity".

(1) Ahmed Khan 

(2) David Tilman

(3) Stanley Cohen 

(4) Ernest Chain

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Question 15. The rate of formation of new organic matter by deer in a forest ecosystem is called

(1) standing crop 

(2) primary productivity

(3) net primary productivity 

(4) secondary productivity.

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Question 16. The breakdown of detritus into small particles by detritivores is called

(1) leaching 

(2) humification

(3) fragmentation 

(4) catabolism

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Question 17. Which of the following processes will be most adversely affected if micro-organisms are removed from a forest ecosystem?

(1) Solar energy fixation and nutrient cycling

(2) Decomposition of organic matter and photosynthesis

(3) Nitrogen fixation and decomposition of organic matter

(4) Carbon assimilation and nitrogen fixation

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Question 18. The breakdown of detritus into small particles by detrivores is called

(1) leaching 

(2) humification

(3) catabolism 

(4) fragmentation

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Question 19. If 20 J of energy is trapped at producer level, then how much energy will be available to peacock as food in the following chain?

Plant → Mice → Snake → Peacock

(1) 0.02 J 

(2) 0.002 J

(3) 0.2 J 

(4) 0.0002 J2

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Question 20. An inverted pyramid of number and an inverted pyramid of biomass are respectively seen in

(1) grassland and tree ecosystem

(2) sea and tree ecosystem

(3) tree and sea ecosystem

(4) sea and grassland ecosystem

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Question 21. Which of the following is false?

(1) Quantity of biomass in a trophic level at a particular period is called as standing crop.

(2) The energy content in a trophic level is determined by considering a few individuals of a species in that trophic level.

(3) The succession that occurs in newly cooled lava is called primary succession.

(4) Rate of succession is faster in secondary succession

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Question 22. Which type of pyramid is always upright?

(1) Number 

(2) Biomass

(3) Weight 

(4) Energy

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Question 23. The pioneer species in xerarch and hydrarch succession are respectively

(1) lichens and sedges

(2) phytoplanktons and sedges

(3) lichens and zooplanktons

(4) lichens and phytoplanktons

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Question 24. In a lake, phytoplankton grow in abundance in

(1) littoral zone 

(2) limnetic zone

(3) profundal zone 

(4) benthic region.

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Question 25. The pioneer species in xerarch and hydrarch succession

are respectively

(1) lichens and phytoplanktons

(2) lichens and sedges

(3) phytoplanktons and lichens

(4) lichens and rooted hydrophytes

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Question 26. The animal species controlling the ecosystem functioning is known as

(1) edge species 

(2) pioneer species

(3) keystone species 

(4) umbrella species

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Question 27. During ecological succession:

(1) the establishment of a new biotic community is very fast in its primary phase.

(2) the numbers and types of animals remain constant.

(3) the changes lead to a community that is in near equilbrium with the environment and is called pioneer community.

(4) the gradual and predictable change in species composition occurs in a given area

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Question 28. The correct sequence of seral stages in hydrosere is

(1) plankton, submerged, floating, reed swamp, sedge meadow, woodland

(2) plankton, floating, submerged, reed swamp, sedge meadow, woodland

(3) plankton, submerged, floating, sedge meadow, reed swamp, woodland

(4) plankton, submerged, floating, sedge meadow, woodland, reed swamp

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Question 29. The primary producers of the deep-sea hydrothermal

vent ecosystem are

(1) Green algae 

(2) Chemosynthetic bacteria

(3) Blue-green algae 

(4) Coral reefs

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Question 30. The sequence of successional stages that occur on sand

is known as

(1) lithosere 

(2) hydrosere

(3) psarnrnosere 

(4) xerosere

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Question 31. Select the correct match.

(A) Sedimentary nutrient cycle - Nitrogen cycle

(B) Pioneer species - Lichens

(C) Secondary succession - Burned forests

(D) Pyramid of biomass in sea - Upright

(1) A, B and D only 

(2) A and Conly

(3) B and C only 

(4) B and D only

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Question 32. A progressive series of changes in plant and animal life

of an area from initial colonization is know as

(1) evolution 

(2) succession

(3) specialization 

(4) selection.

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Question 33. Which are the first organisms to colonize on a bare rock?

(1) Fungi 

(2) Lichens

(3) Diatoms 

(4) Mosses

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Question 34. Identify the plant belonging to the reed-swamp stage in hydrarch succession.

(1) Juncus 

(2) Sagittaria

(3) Salix 

(4) Trapa

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Question 35. Which of the following statements is incorrect?

(1) Oceans contain about 71% of total global carbon.

(2) Atmosphere contain about 71% of total global carbon.

(3) Carbon constitute about 49% of the dry weight of organisms.

(4) Approximately 4 × 1013 kg of carbon is fixed in the biosphere through photosynthesis annually

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Question 36. For the sedimentary type of biogeochemical cycles the

reservoir is

(1) atmosphere 

(2) water

(3) earth's crust 

(4) living organisms

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Question 37. Select the correct statement.

(1) Phosphorus cycle is an example of gaseous nutrient cycle.

(2) The pyramid of biomass in sea is generally inverted.

(3) By the process of humification, soluble inorganic nutrients go down into the soil horizon.

(4) A given organism may not occupy more than one trophic level simultaneously

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Question 38. Which of the following serves as a reservoir of phosphorus in phosphorus cycle?

(1) Soil 

(2) Rocks

(3) Living matter 

(4) Atmosphere

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Question 39. Which of the following cannot be recycled in an

ecosystem?

(1) Nitrogen 

(2) Oxygen

(3) Energy 

(4) Water

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Question 40. The highest amount of carbon dioxide is evolved from

(1) oceans 

(2) river

(3) forest 

(4) ponds

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Question 41. In an ecosystem, the cycling of nutrients is known as

(1) geological cycle 

(2) chemical cycle

(3) geochemical cycle 

(4) biogeochemical cycle

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Question 42. Some of the nutrient cycles are labelled as below. Sulphur cycle (A), phosphorus cycle (B), carbon cycle (C) and nitrogen cycle (D). Of these, the sedimentary cycle is represented by

(1) (A) only 

(2) (B) only

(3) (C) only 

(4) (A) and (B) only

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Question 43. The biogeochemical cycle may be

(1) gaseous 

(2) sedimentary

(3) gaseous and sedimentary 

(4) none of the above

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Question 44. Which of the following processes does not affect the nutrient flow in an ecosystem?

(1) Migration 

(2) Parasitism

(3) Predation 

(4) Production

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Question 45. The presence of large amount of N2 in atmosphere is due to presence

(1) producer 

(2) fertilisers

(3) decomposer 

(4) none of these

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Detailed Solutions

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